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You can only reference element declarations within sequences, sets of choices, unordered groups, and named group definitions.
Each reference may contain distinct values for minOccurs and maxOccurs.
File: Data.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<library>
<book id="b0836217462" available="true">
<isbn>1111111111</isbn>
<title lang="en">Java</title>
<author id="CMS">
<name>name</name>
<born>1998-11-26</born>
<dead>2000-02-12</dead>
</author>
<character id="PP">
<name>Swing</name>
<born>1996-08-22</born>
<qualification>Yes</qualification>
</character>
<character id="Web">
<name>JSP</name>
<born>1997-10-04</born>
<qualification>No</qualification>
</character>
</book>
</library>
File: Schema.xsd
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="qualification" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="born" type="xs:date"/>
<xs:element name="dead" type="xs:date"/>
<xs:element name="isbn" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID"/>
<xs:attribute name="available" type="xs:boolean"/>
<xs:attribute name="lang" type="xs:language"/>
<xs:element name="title">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:simpleContent>
<xs:extension base="xs:string">
<xs:attribute ref="lang"/>
</xs:extension>
</xs:simpleContent>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:element name="library">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element ref="book" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:element name="author">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element ref="name"/>
<xs:element ref="born"/>
<xs:element ref="dead" minOccurs="0"/>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute ref="id"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:element name="book">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element ref="isbn"/>
<xs:element ref="title"/>
<xs:element ref="author" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<xs:element ref="character" minOccurs="0"
maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute ref="id"/>
<xs:attribute ref="available"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:element name="character">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element ref="name"/>
<xs:element ref="born"/>
<xs:element ref="qualification"/>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute ref="id"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>
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