Define variable and use it in sql statement : variable « SQL Plus « Oracle PL / SQL

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Oracle PL / SQL » SQL Plus » variable 
Define variable and use it in sql statement
    
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP(
  2      EMPNO NUMBER(4NOT NULL,
  3      ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
  4      JOB VARCHAR2(9),
  5      MGR NUMBER(4),
  6      startDate DATE,
  7      SAL NUMBER(72),
  8      COMM NUMBER(72),
  9      DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
 10  );

Table created.

SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7369'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902,TO_DATE('17-DEC-1980', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 800, NULL, 20);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7499'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698,TO_DATE('20-FEB-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 160030030);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7521'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698,TO_DATE('22-FEB-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 125050030);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7566'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839,TO_DATE('2-APR-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 2975, NULL, 20);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7654'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698,TO_DATE('28-SEP-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 1250140030);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7698'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 7839,TO_DATE('1-MAY-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 2850, NULL, 30);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7782'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 7839,TO_DATE('9-JUN-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 2450, NULL, 10);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7788'SCOTT', 'ANALYST', 7566,TO_DATE('09-DEC-1982', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 3000, NULL, 20);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7839'KING', 'PRESIDENT', NULL,TO_DATE('17-NOV-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 5000, NULL, 10);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7844'TURNER', 'SALESMAN', 7698,TO_DATE('8-SEP-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 1500030);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7876'ADAMS', 'CLERK', 7788,TO_DATE('12-JAN-1983', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 1100, NULL, 20);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7900'E''CLERK', 7698,TO_DATE('3-DEC-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 950, NULL, 30);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7902'FORD', 'ANALYST', 7566,TO_DATE('3-DEC-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 3000, NULL, 20);

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7934'MILLER', 'CLERK', 7782,TO_DATE('23-JAN-1982', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 1300, NULL, 10);

row created.

SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE DEPT(
  2      DEPTNO NUMBER(2),
  3      DNAME VARCHAR2(14),
  4      LOC VARCHAR2(13)
  5  );

Table created.

SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (10'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK');

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS');

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (30'SALES', 'CHICAGO');

row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (40'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON');

row created.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select empno, ename, sal from emp where deptno = 10;

     EMPNO ENAME             SAL
---------- ---------- ----------
      7782 CLARK            2450
      7839 KING             5000
      7934 MILLER           1300

SQL> variable empno number
SQL> variable ename varchar2(20)
SQL> variable sal number
SQL>
SQL> exec :empno := 7934; :ename := 'MILLER'; :sal := 1300;

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>
SQL> select empno, ename, sal
  2  from emp
  3  where empno = :empno
  4    and ename = :ename
  5    and sal = :sal
  6    for update nowait
  7  /

     EMPNO ENAME             SAL
---------- ---------- ----------
      7934 MILLER           1300

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table emp;

Table dropped.

SQL> drop table dept;

Table dropped.

SQL>

   
    
    
    
  
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3. Define variable and print its value out
4. Define variable and set value
5. Bind variables can be declared in your SQL*Plus script,Preface a bind variable with a colon to reference it in a PL/SQL block
6. Bind variables can even be referenced by SQL queries
7. Undefine variable
8. User defined-variable in update set statement
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