Source Code Cross Referenced for ErodeDescriptor.java in  » 6.0-JDK-Modules » Java-Advanced-Imaging » javax » media » jai » operator » Java Source Code / Java DocumentationJava Source Code and Java Documentation

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Java Source Code / Java Documentation » 6.0 JDK Modules » Java Advanced Imaging » javax.media.jai.operator 
Source Cross Referenced  Class Diagram Java Document (Java Doc) 


001:        /*
002:         * $RCSfile: ErodeDescriptor.java,v $
003:         *
004:         * Copyright (c) 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
005:         *
006:         * Use is subject to license terms.
007:         *
008:         * $Revision: 1.1 $
009:         * $Date: 2005/02/11 04:57:35 $
010:         * $State: Exp $
011:         */
012:        package javax.media.jai.operator;
013:
014:        import com.sun.media.jai.util.AreaOpPropertyGenerator;
015:        import java.awt.RenderingHints;
016:        import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
017:        import javax.media.jai.JAI;
018:        import javax.media.jai.KernelJAI;
019:        import javax.media.jai.OperationDescriptorImpl;
020:        import javax.media.jai.ParameterBlockJAI;
021:        import javax.media.jai.PropertyGenerator;
022:        import javax.media.jai.RenderedOp;
023:        import javax.media.jai.registry.RenderedRegistryMode;
024:
025:        /**
026:         *
027:         * An <code>OperationDescriptor</code> describing the "Erode" operation.
028:         * 
029:         * <p> <b>Gray Scale Erosion</b>
030:         * is a spatial operation that computes
031:         * each output sample by subtracting elements of a kernel from the samples
032:         * surrounding a particular source sample.
033:         * The mathematical formulation for erosion operation is:
034:         *
035:         * <p> For a kernel K with a key position (xKey, yKey), the erosion
036:         * of image I at (x,y) is given by:
037:         * <pre>
038:         *     max{ f:  f + K(xKey+i, yKey+j) <= I(x+i,y+j): all (i,j)}
039:         *
040:         *      "all" possible (i,j) means that both I(x+i,y+j) and K(xKey+i, yKey+j)
041:         *      are in bounds. Otherwise, the value is set to 0.
042:         *      "f" represents all possible floats satisfying the restriction.
043:         *
044:         * </pre> 
045:         * <p> Intuitively, the kernel is like an unbrella and the key point
046:         * is the handle. At every point, you try to push the umbrella up as high
047:         * as possible but still underneath the image surface. The final height
048:         * of the handle is the value after erosion. Thus if you want the image
049:         * to erode from the upper right to bottom left, the following would do.
050:         *
051:         * <p><center>
052:         * <table border=1>
053:         * <tr align=center><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>X</td> </tr>
054:         * <tr align=center><td>0</td><td>X</td><td>0</td> </tr>
055:         * <tr align=center><td><b>X</b></td><td>0</td><td>0</td> </tr>
056:         * </table></center>
057:         *
058:         * <p> Note that even if every entry of a kernel is zero,
059:         * the erosion changes the image. Different key positions
060:         * will also lead to different erosion results for such zero kernels.
061:         *
062:         * <p> Pseudo code for the erosion operation is as follows.
063:         * Assuming the kernel K is of size M rows x N cols
064:         * and the key position is (xKey, yKey).
065:         * 
066:         * <pre>
067:         * 
068:         * // erosion
069:         * for every dst pixel location (x,y){
070:         *    tmp = infinity;
071:         *    for (i = -xKey; i < M - xKey; i++){
072:         *       for (j = -yKey; j < N - yKey; j++){
073:         *          if((x+i, y+j) are in bounds of src){
074:         *             tmp = min{tmp, src[x + i][y + j] - K[xKey + i][yKey + j]};
075:         *          }
076:         *       }
077:         *    }
078:         *    dst[x][y] = tmp;
079:         *    if (dst[x][y] == infinity)
080:         *        dst[x][y] = 0;
081:         * }
082:         * </pre>
083:         *
084:         * <p> The kernel cannot be bigger in any dimension than the image data.
085:         *
086:         * <p> <b>Binary Image Erosion</b>
087:         * requires the kernel to be binary, that is, to have values 0 and 1
088:         * for each kernel entry.
089:         * Intuitively, binary erosion slides the kernel
090:         * key position and place it at every point (x,y) in the src image.
091:         * The dst value at this position is set to 1 if the entire kernel lies
092:         * within the image bounds and the src image value is 1
093:         * wherever the corresponding kernel value is 1."
094:         * Otherwise, the value after erosion at (x,y) is set to 0.
095:         * Erosion usually shrinks images, but it can fill holes
096:         * with kernels like 
097:         * <pre> [1 0 1] </pre>
098:         * and the key position at the center.
099:         *
100:         * <p> Pseudo code for the binary erosion operation is as follows.
101:         * 
102:         * <pre>
103:         * // erosion
104:         * for every dst pixel location (x,y){
105:         *    dst[x][y] = 1;
106:         *    for (i = -xKey; i < M - xKey; i++){
107:         *       for (j = -yKey; j < N - yKey; j++){
108:         *         if((x+i,y+j) is out of bounds of src ||
109:         *             src(x+i, y+j)==0 && Key(xKey+i, yKey+j)==1){
110:         *            dst[x][y] = 0; break;
111:         *          }
112:         *       }
113:         *    }
114:         * }
115:         *
116:         * The following can be used as references for the underlying
117:         * connection between these two algorithms.
118:         *
119:         * <p> Reference: An Introduction to Nonlinear Image Processing,
120:         * by Edward R. Bougherty and Jaakko Astola,
121:         * Spie Optical Engineering Press, 1994.
122:         *
123:         * It should be noted that this operation automatically adds a
124:         * value of <code>Boolean.TRUE</code> for the
125:         * <code>JAI.KEY_REPLACE_INDEX_COLOR_MODEL</code> to the given
126:         * <code>configuration</code> so that the operation is performed
127:         * on the pixel values instead of being performed on the indices into
128:         * the color map if the source(s) have an <code>IndexColorModel</code>.
129:         * This addition will take place only if a value for the 
130:         * <code>JAI.KEY_REPLACE_INDEX_COLOR_MODEL</code> has not already been
131:         * provided by the user. Note that the <code>configuration</code> Map
132:         * is cloned before the new hint is added to it. The operation can be 
133:         * smart about the value of the <code>JAI.KEY_REPLACE_INDEX_COLOR_MODEL</code>
134:         * <code>RenderingHints</code>, i.e. while the default value for the
135:         * <code>JAI.KEY_REPLACE_INDEX_COLOR_MODEL</code> is
136:         * <code>Boolean.TRUE</code>, in some cases the operator could set the
137:         * default. 
138:         *
139:         * <p><table border=1>
140:         * <caption>Resource List</caption>
141:         * <tr><th>Name</th>        <th>Value</th></tr>
142:         * <tr><td>GlobalName</td>  <td>Erode</td></tr>
143:         * <tr><td>LocalName</td>   <td>Erode</td></tr>
144:         * <tr><td>Vendor</td>      <td>com.sun.media.jai</td></tr>
145:         * <tr><td>Description</td> <td>Performs kernel based Erode on
146:         *                              an image.</td></tr>
147:         * <tr><td>DocURL</td>      <td>http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/jai/forD
148:         evelopers/jai-apidocs/javax/media/jai/operator/ErodeDescriptor.html</td
149:         ></tr>
150:         * <tr><td>Version</td>     <td>1.1</td></tr>
151:         * <tr><td>arg0Desc</td>    <td>The erode kernel.</td></tr>
152:         * </table></p>
153:         *
154:         * <p><table border=1>
155:         * <caption>Parameter List</caption>
156:         * <tr><th>Name</th>          <th>Class Type</th>
157:         *                            <th>Default Value</th></tr>
158:         * <tr><td>kernel</td>        <td>javax.media.jai.KernelJAI</td>
159:         *                            <td>NO_PARAMETER_DEFAULT</td>
160:         * </table></p>
161:         *
162:         * </pre>
163:         *
164:         *
165:         * @see javax.media.jai.KernelJAI
166:         *
167:         * @since JAI 1.1
168:         */
169:
170:        public class ErodeDescriptor extends OperationDescriptorImpl {
171:
172:            /**
173:             * The resource strings that provide the general documentation and
174:             * specify the parameter list for a Erode operation.
175:             */
176:            private static final String[][] resources = {
177:                    { "GlobalName", "Erode" },
178:                    { "LocalName", "Erode" },
179:                    { "Vendor", "com.sun.media.jai" },
180:                    { "Description", JaiI18N.getString("ErodeDescriptor0") },
181:                    {
182:                            "DocURL",
183:                            "http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/jai/forDevelopers/jaiapi/<br>javax.media.jai.operator.ErodeDescriptor.html" },
184:                    { "Version", JaiI18N.getString("DescriptorVersion") },
185:                    { "arg0Desc", JaiI18N.getString("ErodeDescriptor1") } };
186:
187:            /** The parameter names for the Erode operation. */
188:            private static final String[] paramNames = { "kernel" };
189:
190:            /** The parameter class types for the Erode operation. */
191:            private static final Class[] paramClasses = { javax.media.jai.KernelJAI.class };
192:
193:            /** The parameter default values for the Erode operation. */
194:            private static final Object[] paramDefaults = { NO_PARAMETER_DEFAULT };
195:
196:            /** Constructor. */
197:            public ErodeDescriptor() {
198:                super (resources, 1, paramClasses, paramNames, paramDefaults);
199:            }
200:
201:            /**
202:             * Returns an array of <code>PropertyGenerators</code> implementing
203:             * property inheritance for the "Erode" operation.
204:             *
205:             * @return  An array of property generators.
206:             */
207:            public PropertyGenerator[] getPropertyGenerators() {
208:                PropertyGenerator[] pg = new PropertyGenerator[1];
209:                pg[0] = new AreaOpPropertyGenerator();
210:                return pg;
211:            }
212:
213:            /**
214:             * Performs binary kernel based Erode operation on the image.
215:             *
216:             * <p>Creates a <code>ParameterBlockJAI</code> from all
217:             * supplied arguments except <code>hints</code> and invokes
218:             * {@link JAI#create(String,ParameterBlock,RenderingHints)}.
219:             *
220:             * @see JAI
221:             * @see ParameterBlockJAI
222:             * @see RenderedOp
223:             *
224:             * @param source0 <code>RenderedImage</code> source 0.
225:             * @param kernel The binary convolution kernel.
226:             * @param hints The <code>RenderingHints</code> to use.
227:             * May be <code>null</code>.
228:             * @return The <code>RenderedOp</code> destination.
229:             * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>source0</code> is <code>null</code>.
230:             * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>kernel</code> is <code>null</code>.
231:             */
232:            public static RenderedOp create(RenderedImage source0,
233:                    KernelJAI kernel, RenderingHints hints) {
234:                ParameterBlockJAI pb = new ParameterBlockJAI("Erode",
235:                        RenderedRegistryMode.MODE_NAME);
236:
237:                pb.setSource("source0", source0);
238:
239:                pb.setParameter("kernel", kernel);
240:
241:                return JAI.create("Erode", pb, hints);
242:            }
243:        }
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