Use a reference variable to refer to any object that is a subclass of the declared reference variable type : Reference Type Casting « Type Casting « SCJP

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SCJP » Type Casting » Reference Type Casting

4.3.16.Use a reference variable to refer to any object that is a subclass of the declared reference variable type

class Foo {

   public void doFooStuff() { }

}

 class Bar extends Foo {

   public void doBarStuff() { }

}

class MainClass {

   public static void main (String [] args) {

      Foo reallyABar = new Bar();  // Legal because Bar is a

                                   // subclass of Foo

      Bar reallyAFoo = new Foo();  // Illegal! Foo is not a

                                   // subclass of Bar

   }

}

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Error: Unresolved compilation problem: 
	Type mismatch: cannot convert from Foo to Bar

	at MainClass.main(MainClass.java:11)

4.3.Reference Type Casting
	4.3.1.	Object reference conversion
	4.3.2.	An interface type can be converted to an interface type or to Object.
	4.3.3.	Convert interface to super-interface
	4.3.4.	Object Method-Call Conversion
	4.3.5.	Cast between an interface and a nonfinal object.
	4.3.6.	Runtime casting: the class being converted must be itself or must inherit from it.
	4.3.7.	If New type is an interface, the class of the expression being converted must implement New type.
	4.3.8.	For = with object references, if the type of the left operand is a class C, then the type of the right operand must be a subclass of C or the null value.
	4.3.9.	If the type of the left operand is an interface I, the type of the right operand must be a subinterface of I, or a class that implements I, or the null value.
	4.3.10.	A reference to any object can be cast into a reference to an object of class Object.
	4.3.11.	A reference to an object can be cast into a reference to an object of its parent class.
	4.3.12.	A reference to an object can be cast into a reference to an object of its implemented interface
	4.3.13.	A reference to an object can be cast into a reference to an object of its implemented super interface
	4.3.14.	Casting Object References with Collections
	4.3.15.	An Object reference can be converted to:
	4.3.16.	Use a reference variable to refer to any object that is a subclass of the declared reference variable type

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