An element has a simple type if it's only allowed to contain other elements or attributes.
There are many different built-in simple types.
You can create your own, based on one of the built-in types.
File: Schema.xsd
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.java2java.com"
xmlns="http://www.java2java.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<xs:element name="weight" type="xs:string" />
</xs:schema>
File: Data.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<weight>3 points</weight>
File: Schema.xsd
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.java2java.com" xmlns="http://www.java2java.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<xs:element name="population" type="xs:integer" />
</xs:schema>
File: Data.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<population>28</population>
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