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Java Source Code / Java Documentation » ERP CRM Financial » SourceTap CRM » org.ofbiz.rules.engine 
Source Cross Reference  Class Diagram Java Document (Java Doc) 


java.lang.Object
   org.ofbiz.rules.engine.Variable
      org.ofbiz.rules.engine.Anonymous

Anonymous
public class Anonymous extends Variable (Code)

Title: Anonymous Variable

Description: None

Copyright (c) 1999 Steven J. Metsker.

Copyright (c) 2001 The Open For Business Project - www.ofbiz.org

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

An anonymous variable unifies successfully with any other term, without binding to the term.

Anonymous variables are useful for screening out unwanted terms. For example, if a program describes a marriage in terms of an id, the husband, wife, and the beginning and end dates of the marriage, its facts might look something like:

 marriage(001, balthasar, grimelda, 14560512, 14880711);
 // ...
 marriage(257, kevin, karla, 19790623, present);
 
A rule that extracts just the husband from marriage facts is:
 husband(Id, Hub) :- marriage(Id, Hub, _, _, _);
 
The underscores in this rule represent anonymous variables. When the rule executes, it will unify its marriage structure with marriage facts, without regard to the last three terms of those facts.

Without anonymous variables, the husband rule would need three unused variables. Note that the following approach would fail:

 husband(Id, Hub) :-
 marriage(Id, Hub, Anon, Anon, Anon); // wrong
 
This approach, while tempting, will not work because the variable Anon will bind to the structures it encounters. Issued against the example program, Anon will first bind to grimelda. Next, Anon will attempt to bind to 14560512. This will fail, since Anon will already be bound to grimelda.

The essential behavior anonymous variables provide is that they unify successfully without binding.
author:
   Steven J. Metsker
version:
   1.0




Constructor Summary
public  Anonymous()
     Constructs an anonymous variable.

Method Summary
public  TermcopyForProof(AxiomSource ignored, Scope ignored2)
     Returns this anonymous variable, which does not unify with anything and thus does not need to copy itself.
public  Objecteval()
     Return the value of this anonymous variable to use in functions; this is meaningless in logic programming, but the method returns the name of this variable.
public  Unificationunify(Structure ignored)
     Returns an empty unification.

The unify methods indicate failure by returning null.

public  Unificationunify(Term ignored)
     Returns an empty unification.
public  Unificationunify(Variable ignored)
     Returns an empty unification.
public  Unificationvariables()
     Returns an empty unification.


Constructor Detail
Anonymous
public Anonymous()(Code)
Constructs an anonymous variable.




Method Detail
copyForProof
public Term copyForProof(AxiomSource ignored, Scope ignored2)(Code)
Returns this anonymous variable, which does not unify with anything and thus does not need to copy itself. this anonymous variable
Parameters:
  AxiomSource - ignored
Parameters:
  Scope - ignored



eval
public Object eval()(Code)
Return the value of this anonymous variable to use in functions; this is meaningless in logic programming, but the method returns the name of this variable. the name of the anonymous variable



unify
public Unification unify(Structure ignored)(Code)
Returns an empty unification.

The unify methods indicate failure by returning null. Anonymous variables succeed without binding, so they always return empty unifications.
Parameters:
  Structure - ignored A successful, but empty, unification




unify
public Unification unify(Term ignored)(Code)
Returns an empty unification.
Parameters:
  Term - ignored an empty unification



unify
public Unification unify(Variable ignored)(Code)
Returns an empty unification.
Parameters:
  Variable - ignored an empty unification



variables
public Unification variables()(Code)
Returns an empty unification. an empty unification



Fields inherited from org.ofbiz.rules.engine.Variable
protected Term instantiation(Code)(Java Doc)
final public String name(Code)(Java Doc)

Methods inherited from org.ofbiz.rules.engine.Variable
public Term copyForProof(AxiomSource ignored, Scope scope)(Code)(Java Doc)
public String definitionString()(Code)(Java Doc)
public boolean equals(Object o)(Code)(Java Doc)
public Object eval()(Code)(Java Doc)
public boolean isList()(Code)(Java Doc)
public String listTailString()(Code)(Java Doc)
public String toString()(Code)(Java Doc)
public void unbind()(Code)(Java Doc)
public Unification unify(Structure s)(Code)(Java Doc)
public Unification unify(Term t)(Code)(Java Doc)
public Unification unify(Variable v)(Code)(Java Doc)
public Unification variables()(Code)(Java Doc)

Methods inherited from java.lang.Object
native protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException(Code)(Java Doc)
public boolean equals(Object obj)(Code)(Java Doc)
protected void finalize() throws Throwable(Code)(Java Doc)
final native public Class getClass()(Code)(Java Doc)
native public int hashCode()(Code)(Java Doc)
final native public void notify()(Code)(Java Doc)
final native public void notifyAll()(Code)(Java Doc)
public String toString()(Code)(Java Doc)
final native public void wait(long timeout) throws InterruptedException(Code)(Java Doc)
final public void wait(long timeout, int nanos) throws InterruptedException(Code)(Java Doc)
final public void wait() throws InterruptedException(Code)(Java Doc)

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