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Java Source Code / Java Documentation » Library » Apache common lang » org.apache.commons.lang 
Source Cross Reference  Class Diagram Java Document (Java Doc) 


java.lang.Object
   org.apache.commons.lang.StringEscapeUtils

StringEscapeUtils
public class StringEscapeUtils (Code)

Escapes and unescapes Strings for Java, Java Script, HTML, XML, and SQL.


author:
   Apache Jakarta Turbine
author:
   Purple Technology
author:
   Alexander Day Chaffee
author:
   Antony Riley
author:
   Helge Tesgaard
author:
   Sean Brown
author:
   Gary Gregory
author:
   Phil Steitz
author:
   Pete Gieser
since:
   2.0
version:
   $Id: StringEscapeUtils.java 471626 2006-11-06 04:02:09Z bayard $



Constructor Summary
public  StringEscapeUtils()
    

Method Summary
public static  StringescapeHtml(String str)
    

Escapes the characters in a String using HTML entities.

For example:

"bread" & "butter"

becomes:

"bread" & "butter".

Supports all known HTML 4.0 entities, including funky accents. Note that the commonly used apostrophe escape character (') is not a legal entity and so is not supported).

public static  voidescapeHtml(Writer writer, String string)
    

Escapes the characters in a String using HTML entities and writes them to a Writer.

For example:

"bread" & "butter"

becomes:

"bread" & "butter".

Supports all known HTML 4.0 entities, including funky accents. Note that the commonly used apostrophe escape character (') is not a legal entity and so is not supported).

public static  StringescapeJava(String str)
    
public static  voidescapeJava(Writer out, String str)
    
public static  StringescapeJavaScript(String str)
    

Escapes the characters in a String using JavaScript String rules.

Escapes any values it finds into their JavaScript String form.

public static  voidescapeJavaScript(Writer out, String str)
    
public static  StringescapeSql(String str)
    

Escapes the characters in a String to be suitable to pass to an SQL query.

For example,

statement.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM MOVIES WHERE TITLE='" + 
 StringEscapeUtils.escapeSql("McHale's Navy") + 
 "'");

At present, this method only turns single-quotes into doubled single-quotes ("McHale's Navy" => "McHale''s Navy").

public static  voidescapeXml(Writer writer, String str)
    

Escapes the characters in a String using XML entities.

For example: "bread" & "butter" => "bread" & "butter".

Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos). Does not support DTDs or external entities.

Note that unicode characters greater than 0x7f are currently escaped to their numerical \\u equivalent.

public static  StringescapeXml(String str)
    

Escapes the characters in a String using XML entities.

For example: "bread" & "butter" => "bread" & "butter".

Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos). Does not support DTDs or external entities.

Note that unicode characters greater than 0x7f are currently escaped to their numerical \\u equivalent.

public static  StringunescapeHtml(String str)
    

Unescapes a string containing entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes.

public static  voidunescapeHtml(Writer writer, String string)
    

Unescapes a string containing entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes.

public static  StringunescapeJava(String str)
    

Unescapes any Java literals found in the String.

public static  voidunescapeJava(Writer out, String str)
    
public static  StringunescapeJavaScript(String str)
    
public static  voidunescapeJavaScript(Writer out, String str)
    
public static  voidunescapeXml(Writer writer, String str)
    

Unescapes a string containing XML entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes.

Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos). Does not support DTDs or external entities.

Note that numerical \\u unicode codes are unescaped to their respective unicode characters.

public static  StringunescapeXml(String str)
    

Unescapes a string containing XML entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes.

Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos). Does not support DTDs or external entities.

Note that numerical \\u unicode codes are unescaped to their respective unicode characters.



Constructor Detail
StringEscapeUtils
public StringEscapeUtils()(Code)

StringEscapeUtils instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.

Instead, the class should be used as:

StringEscapeUtils.escapeJava("foo");

This constructor is public to permit tools that require a JavaBean instance to operate.





Method Detail
escapeHtml
public static String escapeHtml(String str)(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String using HTML entities.

For example:

"bread" & "butter"

becomes:

"bread" & "butter".

Supports all known HTML 4.0 entities, including funky accents. Note that the commonly used apostrophe escape character (') is not a legal entity and so is not supported).


Parameters:
  str - the String to escape, may be null a new escaped String, null if null string input
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.unescapeHtml(String)
See Also:    ISO Entities
See Also:    HTML 3.2 Character Entities for ISO Latin-1
See Also:    HTML 4.0 Character entity references
See Also:    HTML 4.01 Character References
See Also:    HTML 4.01 Code positions



escapeHtml
public static void escapeHtml(Writer writer, String string) throws IOException(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String using HTML entities and writes them to a Writer.

For example:

"bread" & "butter"

becomes:

"bread" & "butter".

Supports all known HTML 4.0 entities, including funky accents. Note that the commonly used apostrophe escape character (') is not a legal entity and so is not supported).


Parameters:
  writer - the writer receiving the escaped string, not null
Parameters:
  string - the String to escape, may be null
throws:
  IllegalArgumentException - if the writer is null
throws:
  IOException - when Writer passed throws the exception fromcalls to the Writer.write(int) methods.
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml(String)
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.unescapeHtml(String)
See Also:    ISO Entities
See Also:    HTML 3.2 Character Entities for ISO Latin-1
See Also:    HTML 4.0 Character entity references
See Also:    HTML 4.01 Character References
See Also:    HTML 4.01 Code positions



escapeJava
public static String escapeJava(String str)(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String using Java String rules.

Deals correctly with quotes and control-chars (tab, backslash, cr, ff, etc.)

So a tab becomes the characters '\\' and 't'.

The only difference between Java strings and JavaScript strings is that in JavaScript, a single quote must be escaped.

Example:

 input string: He didn't say, "Stop!"
 output string: He didn't say, \"Stop!\"
 


Parameters:
  str - String to escape values in, may be null String with escaped values, null if null string input



escapeJava
public static void escapeJava(Writer out, String str) throws IOException(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String using Java String rules to a Writer.

A null string input has no effect.


See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.escapeJava(java.lang.String)
Parameters:
  out - Writer to write escaped string into
Parameters:
  str - String to escape values in, may be null
throws:
  IllegalArgumentException - if the Writer is null
throws:
  IOException - if error occurs on underlying Writer



escapeJavaScript
public static String escapeJavaScript(String str)(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String using JavaScript String rules.

Escapes any values it finds into their JavaScript String form. Deals correctly with quotes and control-chars (tab, backslash, cr, ff, etc.)

So a tab becomes the characters '\\' and 't'.

The only difference between Java strings and JavaScript strings is that in JavaScript, a single quote must be escaped.

Example:

 input string: He didn't say, "Stop!"
 output string: He didn\'t say, \"Stop!\"
 


Parameters:
  str - String to escape values in, may be null String with escaped values, null if null string input



escapeJavaScript
public static void escapeJavaScript(Writer out, String str) throws IOException(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String using JavaScript String rules to a Writer.

A null string input has no effect.


See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.escapeJavaScript(java.lang.String)
Parameters:
  out - Writer to write escaped string into
Parameters:
  str - String to escape values in, may be null
throws:
  IllegalArgumentException - if the Writer is null
throws:
  IOException - if error occurs on underlying Writer



escapeSql
public static String escapeSql(String str)(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String to be suitable to pass to an SQL query.

For example,

statement.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM MOVIES WHERE TITLE='" + 
 StringEscapeUtils.escapeSql("McHale's Navy") + 
 "'");

At present, this method only turns single-quotes into doubled single-quotes ("McHale's Navy" => "McHale''s Navy"). It does not handle the cases of percent (%) or underscore (_) for use in LIKE clauses.

see http://www.jguru.com/faq/view.jsp?EID=8881
Parameters:
  str - the string to escape, may be null a new String, escaped for SQL, null if null string input



escapeXml
public static void escapeXml(Writer writer, String str) throws IOException(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String using XML entities.

For example: "bread" & "butter" => "bread" & "butter".

Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos). Does not support DTDs or external entities.

Note that unicode characters greater than 0x7f are currently escaped to their numerical \\u equivalent. This may change in future releases.


Parameters:
  writer - the writer receiving the unescaped string, not null
Parameters:
  str - the String to escape, may be null
throws:
  IllegalArgumentException - if the writer is null
throws:
  IOException - if there is a problem writing
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.unescapeXml(java.lang.String)



escapeXml
public static String escapeXml(String str)(Code)

Escapes the characters in a String using XML entities.

For example: "bread" & "butter" => "bread" & "butter".

Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos). Does not support DTDs or external entities.

Note that unicode characters greater than 0x7f are currently escaped to their numerical \\u equivalent. This may change in future releases.


Parameters:
  str - the String to escape, may be null a new escaped String, null if null string input
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.unescapeXml(java.lang.String)



unescapeHtml
public static String unescapeHtml(String str)(Code)

Unescapes a string containing entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes. Supports HTML 4.0 entities.

For example, the string "&lt;Fran&ccedil;ais&gt;" will become "<Français>"

If an entity is unrecognized, it is left alone, and inserted verbatim into the result string. e.g. "&gt;&zzzz;x" will become ">&zzzz;x".


Parameters:
  str - the String to unescape, may be null a new unescaped String, null if null string input
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml(Writer,String)



unescapeHtml
public static void unescapeHtml(Writer writer, String string) throws IOException(Code)

Unescapes a string containing entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes. Supports HTML 4.0 entities.

For example, the string "&lt;Fran&ccedil;ais&gt;" will become "<Français>"

If an entity is unrecognized, it is left alone, and inserted verbatim into the result string. e.g. "&gt;&zzzz;x" will become ">&zzzz;x".


Parameters:
  writer - the writer receiving the unescaped string, not null
Parameters:
  string - the String to unescape, may be null
throws:
  IllegalArgumentException - if the writer is null
throws:
  IOException - if an IOException occurs
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml(String)



unescapeJava
public static String unescapeJava(String str)(Code)

Unescapes any Java literals found in the String. For example, it will turn a sequence of '\' and 'n' into a newline character, unless the '\' is preceded by another '\'.


Parameters:
  str - the String to unescape, may be null a new unescaped String, null if null string input



unescapeJava
public static void unescapeJava(Writer out, String str) throws IOException(Code)

Unescapes any Java literals found in the String to a Writer.

For example, it will turn a sequence of '\' and 'n' into a newline character, unless the '\' is preceded by another '\'.

A null string input has no effect.


Parameters:
  out - the Writer used to output unescaped characters
Parameters:
  str - the String to unescape, may be null
throws:
  IllegalArgumentException - if the Writer is null
throws:
  IOException - if error occurs on underlying Writer



unescapeJavaScript
public static String unescapeJavaScript(String str)(Code)

Unescapes any JavaScript literals found in the String.

For example, it will turn a sequence of '\' and 'n' into a newline character, unless the '\' is preceded by another '\'.


See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.unescapeJava(String)
Parameters:
  str - the String to unescape, may be null A new unescaped String, null if null string input



unescapeJavaScript
public static void unescapeJavaScript(Writer out, String str) throws IOException(Code)

Unescapes any JavaScript literals found in the String to a Writer.

For example, it will turn a sequence of '\' and 'n' into a newline character, unless the '\' is preceded by another '\'.

A null string input has no effect.


See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.unescapeJava(Writer,String)
Parameters:
  out - the Writer used to output unescaped characters
Parameters:
  str - the String to unescape, may be null
throws:
  IllegalArgumentException - if the Writer is null
throws:
  IOException - if error occurs on underlying Writer



unescapeXml
public static void unescapeXml(Writer writer, String str) throws IOException(Code)

Unescapes a string containing XML entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes.

Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos). Does not support DTDs or external entities.

Note that numerical \\u unicode codes are unescaped to their respective unicode characters. This may change in future releases.


Parameters:
  writer - the writer receiving the unescaped string, not null
Parameters:
  str - the String to unescape, may be null
throws:
  IllegalArgumentException - if the writer is null
throws:
  IOException - if there is a problem writing
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.escapeXml(String)



unescapeXml
public static String unescapeXml(String str)(Code)

Unescapes a string containing XML entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes.

Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos). Does not support DTDs or external entities.

Note that numerical \\u unicode codes are unescaped to their respective unicode characters. This may change in future releases.


Parameters:
  str - the String to unescape, may be null a new unescaped String, null if null string input
See Also:   StringEscapeUtils.escapeXml(String)



Methods inherited from java.lang.Object
native protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException(Code)(Java Doc)
public boolean equals(Object obj)(Code)(Java Doc)
protected void finalize() throws Throwable(Code)(Java Doc)
final native public Class getClass()(Code)(Java Doc)
native public int hashCode()(Code)(Java Doc)
final native public void notify()(Code)(Java Doc)
final native public void notifyAll()(Code)(Java Doc)
public String toString()(Code)(Java Doc)
final native public void wait(long timeout) throws InterruptedException(Code)(Java Doc)
final public void wait(long timeout, int nanos) throws InterruptedException(Code)(Java Doc)
final public void wait() throws InterruptedException(Code)(Java Doc)

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