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/*
Essential Java 3D Fast
Ian Palmer
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
ISBN: 1-85233-394-4
*/
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Panel;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight;
import javax.media.j3d.Appearance;
import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere;
import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup;
import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D;
import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight;
import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray;
import javax.media.j3d.IndexedQuadArray;
import javax.media.j3d.Locale;
import javax.media.j3d.Material;
import javax.media.j3d.Morph;
import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody;
import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment;
import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D;
import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup;
import javax.media.j3d.View;
import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform;
import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse;
import javax.vecmath.AxisAngle4d;
import javax.vecmath.Color3f;
import javax.vecmath.Point3d;
import javax.vecmath.Point3f;
import javax.vecmath.Vector3f;
/**
* This uses a Morph object to animate a shape between two key shapes: a cube
* and a pyramid. Buttons are used to change the weight values.
*
* @author I.J.Palmer
* @version 1.0
*/
public class SimpleMorph extends Frame implements ActionListener {
protected Canvas3D myCanvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
/** The button that will animate towards the cube key shape */
protected Button cubeButton = new Button("Cube");
/** The button that will animate towards the pyramid key shape */
protected Button pyraButton = new Button("Pyramid");
/** The exit button */
protected Button exitButton = new Button("Exit");
/** This performs the animation */
protected Morph myMorph;
/** The weight values for the morph */
protected double[] weights = { 0.5, 0.5 };
/**
* Build the view branch of the scene graph
*
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the view branch
*/
protected BranchGroup buildViewBranch(Canvas3D c) {
BranchGroup viewBranch = new BranchGroup();
Transform3D viewXfm = new Transform3D();
viewXfm.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f));
TransformGroup viewXfmGroup = new TransformGroup(viewXfm);
ViewPlatform myViewPlatform = new ViewPlatform();
PhysicalBody myBody = new PhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment myEnvironment = new PhysicalEnvironment();
viewXfmGroup.addChild(myViewPlatform);
viewBranch.addChild(viewXfmGroup);
View myView = new View();
myView.addCanvas3D(c);
myView.attachViewPlatform(myViewPlatform);
myView.setPhysicalBody(myBody);
myView.setPhysicalEnvironment(myEnvironment);
return viewBranch;
}
/**
* Add some lights to the scene graph
*
* @param b
* BranchGroup that the lights are added to
*/
protected void addLights(BranchGroup b) {
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
Color3f ambLightColour = new Color3f(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
AmbientLight ambLight = new AmbientLight(ambLightColour);
ambLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
Color3f dirLightColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3f dirLightDir = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
DirectionalLight dirLight = new DirectionalLight(dirLightColour,
dirLightDir);
dirLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
b.addChild(ambLight);
b.addChild(dirLight);
}
/**
* Create the Morph from the given shapes
*
* @param theShapes
* GeometryArray that stores the shapes for the Morph
* @param app
* Appearnce used for the shapes
* @return Morph that uses the given shapes
*/
protected Morph createMorph(GeometryArray[] theShapes, Appearance app) {
//Create the morph from the given shapes and appearance
myMorph = new Morph(theShapes, app);
//Set the weights
myMorph.setWeights(weights);
//Set the capabilities so that we can read and write the weights
myMorph.setCapability(Morph.ALLOW_WEIGHTS_READ);
myMorph.setCapability(Morph.ALLOW_WEIGHTS_WRITE);
return myMorph;
}
/**
* Build the content branch for the scene graph
*
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the content
*/
protected BranchGroup buildContentBranch() {
//Create the appearance object
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f emissiveColour = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f specularColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Color3f diffuseColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
float shininess = 20.0f;
app.setMaterial(new Material(ambientColour, emissiveColour,
diffuseColour, specularColour, shininess));
//Make the cube key shape
IndexedQuadArray indexedCube = new IndexedQuadArray(8,
IndexedQuadArray.COORDINATES | IndexedQuadArray.NORMALS, 24);
Point3f[] cubeCoordinates = { new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f) };
Vector3f[] cubeNormals = { new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f) };
int cubeCoordIndices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 2,
1, 0, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 2 };
int cubeNormalIndices[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3,
3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5 };
indexedCube.setCoordinates(0, cubeCoordinates);
indexedCube.setNormals(0, cubeNormals);
indexedCube.setCoordinateIndices(0, cubeCoordIndices);
indexedCube.setNormalIndices(0, cubeNormalIndices);
//Make the pyramid key shape. Although this needs
//only five vertices to create the desired shape, we
//need to use six vertices so that it has the same
//number as the cube.
IndexedQuadArray indexedPyramid = new IndexedQuadArray(8,
IndexedQuadArray.COORDINATES | IndexedQuadArray.NORMALS, 24);
Point3f[] pyramidCoordinates = { new Point3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
new Point3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), new Point3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
new Point3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f) };
Vector3f[] pyramidNormals = { new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f) };
int pyramidCoordIndices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6,
2, 1, 0, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 2 };
int pyramidNormalIndices[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3,
3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5 };
indexedPyramid.setCoordinates(0, pyramidCoordinates);
indexedPyramid.setNormals(0, pyramidNormals);
indexedPyramid.setCoordinateIndices(0, pyramidCoordIndices);
indexedPyramid.setNormalIndices(0, pyramidNormalIndices);
//Set the contents of the array to the two shapes
GeometryArray[] theShapes = new GeometryArray[2];
theShapes[0] = indexedCube;
theShapes[1] = indexedPyramid;
BranchGroup contentBranch = new BranchGroup();
//Create a transform to rotate the shape slightly
Transform3D rotateCube = new Transform3D();
rotateCube.set(new AxisAngle4d(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, Math.PI / 4.0));
TransformGroup rotationGroup = new TransformGroup(rotateCube);
contentBranch.addChild(rotationGroup);
addLights(contentBranch);
//Call the function to build the morph
rotationGroup.addChild(createMorph(theShapes, app));
return contentBranch;
}
/**
* Process the actions from the buttons. The two shape buttons change the
* geometry so that it is nearer to its corresponding key shape.
*
* @param e
* ActionEvent to be processed
*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//If its the exit button, quit the program
if (e.getSource() == exitButton) {
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
//If its the cube button, increase the weight
//associated with the cube key shape and reduce
//the other.
else if (e.getSource() == cubeButton) {
if (weights[0] <= 0.9) {
weights[0] += 0.1;
weights[1] -= 0.1;
myMorph.setWeights(weights);
}
}
//If its the pyramid button, increase the weight
//associated with the pyramid key shape and reduce
//the cube weight
else if (e.getSource() == pyraButton) {
if (weights[1] <= 0.9) {
weights[0] -= 0.1;
weights[1] += 0.1;
myMorph.setWeights(weights);
}
}
}
/**
* Constructor that generates the content using the class methods
*/
public SimpleMorph() {
VirtualUniverse myUniverse = new VirtualUniverse();
Locale myLocale = new Locale(myUniverse);
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildViewBranch(myCanvas3D));
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildContentBranch());
setTitle("SimpleMorph");
setSize(400, 400);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Panel bottom = new Panel();
bottom.add(pyraButton);
bottom.add(cubeButton);
bottom.add(exitButton);
add(BorderLayout.CENTER, myCanvas3D);
add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, bottom);
pyraButton.addActionListener(this);
cubeButton.addActionListener(this);
exitButton.addActionListener(this);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SimpleMorph sw = new SimpleMorph();
}
}
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